Understanding RPAS Regulations in Nigeria
Operating legally in Nigeria

Drones are taking Nigeria by storm—reshaping the skies above our cities and farmlands, from capturing cinematic aerial shots to advancing agriculture, construction, education, and emergency response. But as drone technology soars, so do the rules that keep our airspace safe. 
Whether you're a drone hobbyist, STEM educator, content creator, or running a drone-based business, navigating the skies legally starts with understanding the regulations set by the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA).  The NCAA oversees all drone operations under the Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) framework. Whether you're flying for recreation, commercial purposes, or as a foreign operator, compliance with NCAA regulations is mandatory. 
This guide breaks down everything you need to know about drone laws, registration, licensing, and flight permissions in Nigeria—so you can fly smarter, safer, and fully compliant.

Drone Operation Categories​

In Nigeria, drone operations are officially categorized by the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) under the framework for Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS). These categories are designed to regulate different levels of drone activity based on their purpose, risk, and scale of operation. The three main categories are:

  • Open Category – for low-risk, recreational or personal use.
  • Specific Category – for medium-risk commercial operations.
  • Certified Category – for high-risk, large-scale or specialized drone operations, including those involving drones above 150kg.



Who needs a Drone License in Nigeria ?

A drone license is required for:

  • All individuals or entities using drones commercially.
  • Drone operators working on behalf of clients or businesses.
  • Drone service companies that hire pilots or provide aerial services.
  • Foreign operators conducting commercial or institutional work in Nigerian airspace.

Recreational flyers using drones for fun do not need a license, but they must still register their drone if it weighs over 250g, and follow safety regulations. Learn more here.

How to get a Remote Pilot License in Nigeria ?

  • Enroll in a NCAA-Approved RPAS Training School: The first step is to undergo formal drone pilot training from a certified RPAS Training Organization. The training includes both theoretical knowledge (such as air law, flight planning, meteorology, human factors) and practical flying experience. You will need to pass a flight assessment at the end of this course.
  • Pass the Required Examinations: After training, aspiring pilots must pass both written exams and a practical flight test. These assessments evaluate your knowledge of drone systems, safe operation, and Nigerian aviation laws.
  • Medical Certification (optional): While not always required, some categories of drone operation—especially those involving higher-risk zones—may require a Class 3 medical certificate to ensure the operator is physically and mentally fit. Checkout the list of AAMEs here.
  • Obtain Security Clearance: After completing your training, you must apply for clearance from the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA). This step involves vetting to ensure national security compliance, especially for drones used in surveillance, mapping, or sensitive locations.
  • Submit an Application to the NCAA: You’ll need to submit an official application to the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority along with:
    • Your certificate of training from an approved training organization.
    • National ID or passport
    • Proof of security clearance
    • Passport photographs
    • Medical certificate
    • Filled-out RPAS license application form
  • Pay the Prescribed Fees: There are standard licensing fees which vary depending on the type of operation and category you’re applying for. Additional charges may apply for security vetting and renewals.

Once your application is approved and all requirements are fulfilled, you will be issued a Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) License, which is typically valid for 2 years and subject to renewal.

Why should I register my drone ?

Registering a drone in Nigeria is a mandatory requirement for both recreational and commercial drone operators, as regulated by the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA). The registration process ensures accountability, safety, and traceability of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) operating within Nigerian airspace. Here is a guideline on the steps to follow to register your drone in Nigeria:

  • Determining RPAS weight eligibility
  • Gather required documents
  • Complete online registration
  • Pay registration fees
  • Await NCAA review and approval
  • Receive registration certificate and UIN
  • Renew annually

Determining RPAS weight

All drones weighing 250 grams or more must be registered with the NCAA. This includes drones for: Recreational use (personal/hobby), Commercial use (e.g., aerial photography, mapping), Institutional/government use, Foreign-owned drones being operated in Nigeria.

Required Documents

You will need the following:

  • Proof of Ownership (e.g., purchase receipt, invoice)
  • Drone Details: Make, model, and serial number, Weight and technical specifications 
  • Valid ID (National ID card, passport, or company registration certificate)
  • Passport-sized photograph (for individual registration)
  • Flight Purpose Declaration (recreational, commercial, institutional, etc.)
  • For commercial operators, you may also need:
    • Insurance documentation
    • Security clearance (if flying in sensitive areas)

Go to the official NCAA Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) portal here.

Complete online registration then pay the fees

Go to the NCAA’s official RPAS portal:

  • Create a user account
  • Fill out the Drone Registration Form
  • Upload the required documents
  • Specify the intended use (recreational, commercial, research, etc.)

You’ll be prompted to pay the applicable fee online after submitting your application. Expect to pay between ₦10,000 and ₦50,000, depending on your drone’s classification; drone weight class and its intended usage.

Await NCAA review and approval

Once submitted, the NCAA will:

  • Review your documentation
  • Verify your identity and drone information
  • Conduct background checks (for commercial/institutional use)

Approval time may range from a few days to several weeks depending on the volume of applications and if additional clearance is required (e.g., from the Office of the National Security Adviser).

Receive Registration Certificate & UIN

Upon approval, you'll receive:

  • A Certificate of Registration
  • A Unique Identification Number (UIN) for your drone

This UIN should be visibly affixed to the drone (via label or engraving) for identification during flight operations.


! Important Notes

Operating an unregistered drone is an offense under NCAA rules and may result in fines or legal action.

Flying over restricted areas (military zones, airports, etc.) without proper clearance is strictly prohibited.

Foreign operators must follow additional procedures, including temporary import permits and special authorization.